Figure 2. Traditional Head Unit Architecture As the primary user interface for a car’s infotainment system, the head unit is almost universally located in the center console. This places it in close proximity to the driver, which simplifies interaction between the driver and head unit. However, it also results in the head unit being located far from antennas placed on the roof or in the rear or side windows. These antennas often require a lengthy maze of wires to connect to the head unit, which increases cost and susceptibility to noise.
C-PILLAR C-PILLAR HEAD UNIT
Figure 3. Traditional Architecture Wiring Figure 3 is an example of a traditional architecture in which two pairs of antennas located in the rear window are routed to the central head unit. Note that there are multiple cables running in Introduction In a traditional radio architecture, wiring four antennas to the radio head unit requires up to 20 meters (60 feet) of copper cables. A new architecture detaches the tuners from the radio head unit, placing them near the antennas and serializing their outputs. This reduces the length of the wiring by roughly a factor of four. The overall effect is significantly lower weight and cost, improved noise immunity, reduced heat generation, and less complexity in the radio head unit (Figure 1). The Traditional Head Unit Architecture The head unit is the command center for a car’s audio system. It lets the driver choose the audio source, set the volume, select a song or select a radio station. It traditionally incorporates the radio tuners, baseband processing ICs, and applications processor, in addition to audio signal processing and amplifiers, as illustrated in
DESAIN SOLUSI
1
OTOMOTIF
Gambar 2. Tradisional Kepala Satuan Arsitektur
Sebagai antarmuka pengguna utama untuk sistem infotainment mobil, yang
head unit hampir secara universal terletak di konsol tengah. Ini
menempatkannya di dekat sopir, yang menyederhanakan interaksi
antara pengemudi dan kepala unit. Namun, juga menghasilkan
head unit yang terletak jauh dari antena ditempatkan di atap
atau di jendela belakang atau samping. Antena ini sering membutuhkan
labirin panjang kabel untuk terhubung ke head unit, yang meningkatkan
biaya dan kerentanan terhadap kebisingan.
C-PILAR
C-PILAR
KEPALA
SATUAN
Gambar 3. Arsitektur Tradisional Wiring
Gambar 3 adalah contoh dari arsitektur tradisional di mana dua
pasang antena terletak di jendela belakang yang diarahkan ke
head unit pusat. Perhatikan bahwa ada beberapa kabel berjalan di
pengantar
Dalam arsitektur radio tradisional, kabel empat antena ke
head unit radio membutuhkan hingga 20 meter (60 kaki) dari tembaga
kabel. Sebuah arsitektur baru melepaskan tuner dari radio
head unit, menempatkan mereka di dekat antena dan serialisasi mereka
output. Hal ini akan mengurangi panjang kabel dengan kira-kira faktor
dari empat. Efek keseluruhan berat badan secara signifikan lebih rendah dan
biaya, meningkatkan kekebalan kebisingan, mengurangi panas yang dihasilkan, dan
kompleksitas kurang dalam head unit radio (Gambar 1).
Unit Arsitektur Tradisional Kepala
Head unit adalah pusat komando untuk sistem audio mobil.
Ini memungkinkan pengemudi memilih sumber audio, mengatur volume, pilih
lagu atau memilih stasiun radio. Ini tradisional menggabungkan
tuner radio, pengolahan baseband IC, dan aplikasi
prosesor, selain pemrosesan sinyal audio dan amplifier,
seperti digambarkan pada Gambar 2.
Kompleksitas dari head unit tradisional menciptakan banyak desain
tantangan. Panas yang dihasilkan oleh konsentrasi elektronik
mungkin memerlukan penggunaan heatsink dan menurunkan kehandalan. Itu
Sifat monolitik dari head unit tradisional juga menyiratkan bahwa
perubahan ke fitur radio memerlukan setidaknya parsial
mendesain ulang dari head unit yang sangat kompleks.
Terpencil Tuner Arsitektur Mengurangi Wiring Berat dan Biaya
Sementara Meningkatkan Kebisingan Imunitas
Figure 2. The complexity of the traditional head unit creates many design challenges. Heat generated by the concentration of electronics may require the use of heatsinks and degrade reliability. The monolithic nature of a traditional head unit also implies that any change to the features of the radio requires at least partial redesign of the extremely complex head unit. Remote Tuner Architecture Reduces Wiring Weight and Cost While Improving Noise Immunity Figure 1.
Gambar 1. Khas Satuan Otomotif Radio Kepala AM / FM
3m - 5m
3m - 5m
3m - 5m
3m - 5m
SOC
ANALOG SIGNAL PATH
DIGITAL SIGNAL PATH
AM / FM
FE
DAB FE
DAB FE
AM / FM
FE
FM 2
DAB 1
DAB 2
4
4
4
4
BESAR
KEPALA UNIT
2
Remote Sistem Tuner Demo
Sepasang modul tuner remote dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan
arsitektur baru.
Remote modul tuner pertama (RTB1 pada Gambar 4 dan Gambar 6)
termasuk sepasang AM / FM / Digital tuner radio, serializer dan
a PMIC. Modul ini mendukung sistem modul tunggal digunakan
atau dalam hubungannya dengan modul kedua (RTB2 pada Gambar 4) di
sistem multi-modul.
Gambar 6. Jarak Jauh Satuan Modul RTB1
Modul kedua (RTB2 pada Gambar 4 dan Gambar 7) mendukung
sistem multi-modul. Ini termasuk sepasang tuners, listrik
manajemen, dan serializer / deserializer chipset untuk mengaktifkan
daisy chaining dari beberapa modul.
paralel untuk seluruh panjang jalan antara kedua antena
modul dan head unit.
Terpencil Tuner Arsitektur
Maxim Integrated telah mengembangkan inovatif "Remote Tuner
Arsitektur "yang menghilangkan tuner dari head unit. Di
contoh arsitektur tuner terpencil ditunjukkan pada Gambar 4, sepasang
tuner ditempatkan di setiap c-pilar. Modul tuner terpencil
dilambangkan RTB1 dan RTB2.
Gambar 4. Jarak Jauh Tuner Arsitektur
Dua modul tuner remote terhubung bersama-sama dengan
tunggal singkat membujuk link serial, dan ansambel empat kemudian
dibawa ke head unit melalui link serial tunggal membujuk. membujuk ini
membawa output tuner 'ke head unit dan juga menyediakan I2
C
komunikasi dan listrik ke tuner, menghilangkan tambahan
kabel. Ini hasil arsitektur di head unit yang lebih kecil dan lebih dingin
dan penurunan dramatis dalam jumlah kabel (Gambar 5).
Interkoneksi seri digital kebal terhadap ambient kebisingan,
secara dramatis mengurangi kesulitan yang berhubungan dengan routing
kabel dan meningkatkan penerimaan sinyal lemah.
C-PILAR
C-PILAR
KEPALA
SATUAN
Gambar 5. Jauh Tuner Arsitektur Wiring
Keuntungan lain dari arsitektur unit remote adalah scalability-
itu sangat mudah untuk menambahkan tuner scan latar belakang dan fase
keragaman tanpa mengubah desain head unit.
Maxim Integrated dan logo Maxim adalah merek dagang terdaftar dari Maxim Integrated terdaftar
Perusahaan. Semua merek dagang lainnya adalah properti dari pemiliknya masing-masing.
Maxim Integrated
160 Rio Robles
San Jose, CA 95134 USA
408-601-1000
3 maximintegrated.com
Kesimpulan
Kami telah membahas kekurangan dari radio tradisional
Unit arsitektur kepala dan keuntungan menggunakan remote
arsitektur tuner, di mana tuner dipindahkan dari kepala
Unit ke dekat antena. partisi baru ini
diusulkan oleh Maxim Integrated memungkinkan penghematan dramatis dalam kabel
kompleksitas, berat badan dan biaya, serta mengurangi kebisingan coupling.
Remote hasil arsitektur tuner di kecil
Typical Automotive Radio Head Unit AM/FM 3m - 5m 3m - 5m 3m - 5m 3m - 5m
SOC ANALOG SIGNAL PATH DIGITAL SIGNAL PATH AM/FM FE DAB FE DAB FE AM/FM FE FM 2 DAB 1 DAB 2 4 4 4 4 LARGE HEAD UNIT 2
The Remote Tuner Demo System A pair of remote tuner modules can be used to demonstrate the new architecture. The first remote tuner module (RTB1 in Figure 4 and Figure 6) includes a pair of AM/FM/Digital radio tuners, a serializer and a PMIC. This module supports single module systems is used or in conjunction with the second module (RTB2 in Figure 4) in multi-module systems. Figure 6. Remote Unit Module RTB1 The second module (RTB2 in Figure 4 and Figure 7) supports multi-module systems. It includes a pair of tuners, power management, and serializer/deserializer chipset to enable daisy chaining of multiple modules. parallel for the entire length of the path between both antenna modules and the head unit. Remote Tuner Architecture Maxim Integrated has developed an innovative “Remote Tuner Architecture” which removes the tuners from the head unit. In the example remote tuner architecture shown in
Figure 4, a pair of tuners is placed in each c-pillar. The remote tuner modules are denoted RTB1 and RTB2. Figure 4. Remote Tuner Architecture The two remote tuner modules are connected together with a single short coax serial link, and the ensemble of four is then brought to the head unit via a single coax serial link. This coax carries
The digital serial interconnects are immune to ambient noise, dramatically easing the difficulties associated with routing the cables and improving reception
of weak signals.
C-PILLAR C-PILLAR HEAD UNIT
Figure 5. Remote Tuner Architecture Wiring Another advantage of the remote unit architecture is scalability— it’s very easy to add more tuners for background scan and phase diversity without changing the design of the head unit. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim logo are registered trademarks of Maxim Integrated Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles San Jose, CA 95134 USA 408-601-1000 3 maximintegrated.com Conclusion We have discussed the shortcomings of the traditional radio head unit architecture and the advantages of using a remote tuner architecture, in which the tuners are moved from the head unit into close proximity of the antennas. This new partitioning proposed by Maxim Integrated allows dramatic savings in wiring complexity, weight and cost, as well as reduced noise coupling. The remote tuner architecture results in a smaller, cooler, scalable head unit, making it easy to add more tuners as required by the current and future proliferation of radio features and bands. Maxim’s future roadmap envisions further integration of the ICs, to enable an even smaller and more cost effective remote tuner solution. AM: Amplitude Modulation C-PILLAR: The vertical or near vertical supports of a car’s window area. BASEBAND: Frequency domain of signals after down-conversion in a tuner. FM: Frequency Modulation GMSL: Gigabit Multimedia Serial Link IC: Integrated Circuit
Figure 6.
PHASE DIVERSITY: Robust reception implemented with multiple antennas receiving the same signal. PMIC: Power Management IC SW: Short Wave TUNER: A device that receives radio frequency (RF) transmissions and downconverts them into an intermediate frequency (IF) ready for demodulation. Learn more: MAX2175 Hybrid-Radio Receiver MAX96711 14-bit GMSL Serializer MAX96708 14-bit GMSL Deserializer MAX20002 Synchronous Buck Converter MAX15027 Low-dropout Linear Regulator Please contact us if you would like to learn more about the remote tuner modules.
7. Remote Unit Module RTB2 A baseband/head unit adapter (Figure 8) includes a deserializer and connectors that enable convenient interfacing to baseband processors or to a logic analyzer for evaluation.
Figure 8. Head Unit Adapter Alternatively, the tuner modules can be connected directly to any head unit with an appropriate GMSL deserializer and FAKRA connector. The demo boards include six Maxim Integrated ICs (refer to the “Learn more” section). Maxim’s future roadmap envisions further integration of the ICs, to provide an even smaller and more cost effective solution
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar